blood clots in the body; Types of blood clots, causes, treatment and prevention

Possible complications of blood clots can include the following:

Pulmonary embolism: This potentially life-threatening condition occurs when a clot travels through the bloodstream to the lung.

Kidney failure: If the blood clot goes to the kidney, it can cause the accumulation of fluids and waste materials in the kidneys. This can cause high blood pressure, kidney damage and failure.

Deep vein thrombosis: If a clot forms in the hand or foot, it can cause pain and swelling. If the clot breaks loose, it can travel to the lungs.

Pregnancy complications: Blood clot can cause pulmonary embolism as well as premature birth, miscarriage and maternal death.

heart attack: A blood clot that breaks off in an artery can go to the heart and cause a heart attack.

stroke: A blood clot that dislodges from an artery can travel to the brain and cause a stroke.

Some drugs block platelets from signaling to each other so they don’t stick together. Examples of these drugs include:

• Aspirin
• Clopidogrel
• Dipyridamole
• Prasugrel
• Tikagrelor
• Ticlopidine

Medicines called blood thinners make it difficult for the body to make blood clotting factors or prevent proteins from participating in the clotting process. Some of these drugs include:

• Apixaban
• Dabigatran
• Edoxaban
• heparin
• Rivaroxaban
• warfarin

Clot-dissolving drugs such as alteplase, streptokinase, and tenectaplase activate a protein that breaks down fibrin strands. Doctors sometimes prescribe these drugs to treat a heart attack or stroke.

Some drugs, such as oral contraceptives, may play a role in blood clotting by altering the balance between various coagulation factors, and many drugs can reduce blood flow by increasing blood viscosity (for example, after intravenous immunoglobulin may This is seen).

While some risk factors such as age and heredity cannot be controlled, there are ways to help prevent blood clots:

Avoid sitting for long periods of time: If you sit for a long time, try to get up and walk around to prevent blood pooling and clot formation. If you are bed rested or unable to stand, ask your doctor about appropriate foot exercises.

Support heart health: Have a proper diet, exercise (according to the doctor’s advice) and avoid smoking. Smoking and being overweight are the two main and preventable causes of blood clots in the heart.

Taking anticoagulants before and after surgeryBefore and after some major surgeries, your doctor may prescribe blood thinners. Take them as directed by your doctor.

The prognosis of a person with a blood clot depends on the size and location of the clot. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are important for better outcomes and fewer complications.